The element of judicial power, which is the group of citizens who are not professional lawyers, randomly selected from the general population. The institution of jury functions in such countries as: England, Ireland, Scotland, United States, Belgium, Canada, Australia, Germany, France, Italy and Spain.
Usually jury rules about guilt or innocence in criminal trials and about the facts in civil trials. Its duty is to give affirmative or negative answers to the questions asked by judge. In some cases the unanimous verdict is required, whereas in the others the majority verdict is acceptable. If the jury cannot reach a decision, they are discharged and a new trial (with a new selection of jurors) is ordered by the judge. The judgment in the case is given on the basis of jury’s decision.
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